BMS (Battery Management System)란?

Battery Management System (BMS)는 배터리의 성능과 안전을 관리하는 전자 시스템입니다. BMS는 주로 리튬 이온 배터리, 리튬 폴리머 배터리 등 고전압, 고용량 배터리를 사용하는 전기차, 에너지 저장 시스템 (ESS), 드론, 노트북 등의 다양한 전자기기에서 사용됩니다.

BMS의 주요 기능은 다음과 같습니다:
1. 전압 및 전류 모니터링: 각 셀의 전압과 전체 배터리의 전류를 모니터링해 균형을 맞추고, 성능을 최적화합니다.
2. 온도 모니터링: 배터리의 온도를 관리하여 과열이나 과다 충전, 과다 방전을 방지하고 안전을 유지합니다.
3. 충전 관리: 배터리의 최적 충전 상태를 유지하고, 과충전이나 과방전을 방지합니다.
배터리 수명 관리: 배터리 수명을 연장하기 위해 사용량과 충전 사이클을 모니터링하고 최적화합니다.
4. 진단 및 보고: 배터리의 상태를 실시간으로 진단하고, 이상 징후나 오류를 사용자에게 알려주거나, 필요한 경우 보호 기능을 실행합니다.
5. 통신 기능: BMS는 배터리와 기기 간의 정보 교환을 위해 통신 인터페이스를 갖추고 있습니다.

BMS는 배터리의 안전, 효율성 및 수명을 증가시키는 데 중요한 역할을 하며, 이 기술의 발전은 전기차와 에너지 저장 시스템의 성능 개선에도 기여하고 있습니다.

A battery management system (BMS) is an electronic system that manages the performance and safety of a battery. BMSs are used in a variety of electronic devices, including electric vehicles, energy storage systems (ESS), drones, and laptops, that use high-voltage, high-capacity batteries, primarily lithium-ion batteries and lithium-polymer batteries.

The main functions of a BMS are
1. Voltage and current monitoring: Monitor the voltage of each cell and the current of the entire battery to balance and optimize performance.
2. Temperature monitoring: Manage the temperature of the battery to prevent overheating, overcharging, or over-discharging and maintain safety.
3. charge management: Maintain the optimal state of charge of the battery and prevent overcharging or over-discharging.
Battery life management: Monitor and optimize usage and charge cycles to extend battery life.
4. Diagnostics and reporting: Diagnose the health of the battery in real time, notify the user of anomalies or errors, or trigger protective functions when necessary.
5. Communication: The BMS is equipped with a communication interface to exchange information between the battery and the device.

BMSs play an important role in increasing the safety, efficiency, and lifespan of batteries, and advances in this technology are also contributing to improved performance of electric vehicles and energy storage systems.